CBSE Class 11 Informatics Practices Unit 4 MCQs with Answers | Emerging Trends | AI, ML, IoT, Cloud Computing & Blockchain | 100 Important Questions (2026–27)
Class 11 · Informatics Practices
CBSE Class 11 Informatics Practices Unit 4 MCQs with Answers | Emerging Trends
This chapter covers the latest technologies transforming today's digital world, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Natural Language Processing (NLP), Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Robotics, Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT), Sensors, Smart Cities, Cloud Computing, SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, Grid Computing, and Blockchain Technology. These MCQs are designed according to the latest CBSE syllabus and include detailed explanations to strengthen conceptual understanding.
Q1. What is the full form of AI?
A. Automatic Internet
B. Artificial Intelligence
C. Advanced Interface
D. Artificial Integration
Show Answer
Answer: B. Artificial Intelligence
Explanation: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that enables machines to perform tasks requiring human intelligence such as learning, reasoning, and decision-making.
Q2. Which of the following is the primary objective of Artificial Intelligence?
A. To increase internet speed
B. To make machines capable of intelligent decision-making
C. To manufacture computers
D. To replace computer memory
Show Answer
Answer: B. To make machines capable of intelligent decision-making
Explanation: AI enables machines to learn, reason, solve problems, and make decisions similar to humans.
Q3. Machine Learning is a subset of ______.
A. Robotics
B. Artificial Intelligence
C. Cloud Computing
D. Blockchain
Show Answer
Answer: B. Artificial Intelligence
Explanation: Machine Learning (ML) is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that allows computers to learn from data without being explicitly programmed.
Q4. Which technology enables computers to learn from experience?
A. Blockchain
B. Robotics
C. Machine Learning
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: C. Machine Learning
Explanation: Machine Learning develops algorithms that improve automatically through experience and data.
Q5. What is the full form of NLP?
A. National Language Processing
B. Natural Language Processing
C. New Language Protocol
D. Network Language Processing
Show Answer
Answer: B. Natural Language Processing
Explanation: Natural Language Processing (NLP) enables computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language.
Q6. Which of the following is an application of Natural Language Processing?
A. Chatbots
B. Language Translation
C. Voice Assistants
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: NLP is widely used in chatbots, virtual assistants, speech recognition, and language translation systems.
Q7. Which technology overlays digital objects onto the real world?
A. Virtual Reality (VR)
B. Augmented Reality (AR)
C. Blockchain
D. IoT
Show Answer
Answer: B. Augmented Reality (AR)
Explanation: Augmented Reality enhances the real environment by adding digital objects, images, or information.
Q8. Which technology creates a completely virtual environment?
A. AR
B. VR
C. IoT
D. Big Data
Show Answer
Answer: B. VR
Explanation: Virtual Reality immerses users in a fully computer-generated environment using VR headsets.
Q9. Which device is commonly used to experience Virtual Reality?
A. Keyboard
B. VR Headset
C. Printer
D. Webcam
Show Answer
Answer: B. VR Headset
Explanation: A VR headset provides an immersive virtual environment by displaying stereoscopic visuals and tracking head movement.
Q10. Which of the following best describes Robotics?
A. Designing and developing intelligent robots
B. Creating websites
C. Compressing files
D. Managing databases
Show Answer
Answer: A. Designing and developing intelligent robots
Explanation: Robotics is the field of science and engineering concerned with designing, building, programming, and operating robots.
Q11. Which of the following is an example of a robot?
A. Smartwatch
B. Industrial Robotic Arm
C. Calculator
D. Printer
Show Answer
Answer: B. Industrial Robotic Arm
Explanation: An industrial robotic arm is a programmable machine designed to perform repetitive tasks such as welding, painting, and assembly with high precision.
Q12. Which characteristic best describes Big Data?
A. Small amount of structured data
B. Large volume of data generated rapidly from various sources
C. Data stored only on personal computers
D. Printed records maintained in files
Show Answer
Answer: B. Large volume of data generated rapidly from various sources
Explanation: Big Data refers to massive datasets that are difficult to process using traditional database systems.
Q13. Which of the following is not one of the three primary characteristics (3 Vs) of Big Data?
A. Volume
B. Velocity
C. Variety
D. Validation
Show Answer
Answer: D. Validation
Explanation: The three primary characteristics of Big Data are Volume, Velocity, and Variety.
Q14. Which characteristic of Big Data refers to the enormous quantity of data?
A. Variety
B. Volume
C. Velocity
D. Veracity
Show Answer
Answer: B. Volume
Explanation: Volume represents the huge amount of data generated every second from different sources.
Q15. Which characteristic of Big Data refers to the speed at which data is generated and processed?
A. Variety
B. Volume
C. Velocity
D. Value
Show Answer
Answer: C. Velocity
Explanation: Velocity indicates the speed at which data is created, collected, and processed.
Q16. Which characteristic of Big Data refers to different forms of data such as text, images, audio, and videos?
A. Variety
B. Volume
C. Velocity
D. Verification
Show Answer
Answer: A. Variety
Explanation: Variety refers to the different formats and types of data, including structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data.
Q17. What is the full form of IoT?
A. Internet of Technology
B. Internet of Things
C. Integration of Technology
D. Intelligent Online Technology
Show Answer
Answer: B. Internet of Things
Explanation: Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical devices connected through the internet that can collect and exchange data.
Q18. Which of the following is an example of an IoT device?
A. Smart Thermostat
B. Smart Watch
C. Smart Refrigerator
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Smart home appliances, wearable devices, and connected electronics are common examples of IoT devices.
Q19. What is the primary purpose of sensors in an IoT system?
A. To increase internet speed
B. To collect data from the surrounding environment
C. To create databases
D. To design websites
Show Answer
Answer: B. To collect data from the surrounding environment
Explanation: Sensors detect physical conditions such as temperature, humidity, motion, pressure, or light and send the collected data for processing.
Q20. Which of the following is a real-life application of the Internet of Things?
A. Smart Home Automation
B. Smart Traffic Management
C. Remote Health Monitoring
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: IoT is widely used in smart homes, healthcare, agriculture, transportation, and industrial automation to improve efficiency and decision-making.
Q21. What is a Smart City?
A. A city with only tall buildings
B. A city that uses digital technologies to improve the quality of life and public services
C. A city having more industries
D. A city with more shopping malls
Show Answer
Answer: B. A city that uses digital technologies to improve the quality of life and public services
Explanation: A Smart City uses technologies such as IoT, sensors, AI, and data analytics to improve transportation, energy, healthcare, security, and public services.
Q22. Which technology plays a major role in the functioning of Smart Cities?
A. Internet of Things (IoT)
B. Sensors
C. Artificial Intelligence
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Smart Cities rely on IoT devices, sensors, AI, and cloud computing to collect, process, and analyze real-time data.
Q23. Which of the following is an example of a Smart City service?
A. Smart Traffic Management
B. Intelligent Street Lighting
C. Smart Waste Management
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Smart Cities use connected technologies to improve transportation, lighting, waste collection, water supply, and public safety.
Q24. What is Cloud Computing?
A. Storing and processing data on remote servers accessed through the Internet
B. Storing files only on a hard disk
C. Programming without a computer
D. Sending emails through Wi-Fi
Show Answer
Answer: A. Storing and processing data on remote servers accessed through the Internet
Explanation: Cloud Computing allows users to access computing resources such as storage, software, and servers over the Internet instead of using local systems.
Q25. Which of the following is an advantage of Cloud Computing?
A. Access from anywhere with Internet connectivity
B. Reduced hardware cost
C. Easy data backup and recovery
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Cloud Computing offers scalability, remote accessibility, lower infrastructure cost, automatic backup, and high availability.
Q26. What is the full form of SaaS?
A. Software as a Service
B. Storage as a Service
C. Security as a Service
D. Server as a Service
Show Answer
Answer: A. Software as a Service
Explanation: SaaS allows users to access software applications through the Internet without installing them on their own computers.
Q27. Which of the following is an example of SaaS?
A. Google Docs
B. Microsoft 365 Online
C. Gmail
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Applications like Gmail, Google Docs, and Microsoft 365 Online are SaaS products because users access them through a web browser.
Q28. What is the full form of PaaS?
A. Platform as a Service
B. Program as a Service
C. Process as a Service
D. Processor as a Service
Show Answer
Answer: A. Platform as a Service
Explanation: PaaS provides developers with a complete platform to build, test, and deploy applications without managing the underlying infrastructure.
Q29. Which cloud service model provides developers with a platform to build and deploy applications?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: B. PaaS
Explanation: PaaS offers development tools, operating systems, databases, and runtime environments for application development.
Q30. What is the full form of IaaS?
A. Internet as a Service
B. Infrastructure as a Service
C. Information as a Service
D. Integration as a Service
Show Answer
Answer: B. Infrastructure as a Service
Explanation: IaaS provides virtual servers, storage, networking, and other computing infrastructure over the Internet.
Q31. Which cloud service model provides virtual machines, storage, and networking resources over the Internet?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. DaaS
Show Answer
Answer: C. IaaS
Explanation: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides virtual servers, storage, networking, and other computing resources on demand.
Q32. Which of the following is an example of an IaaS provider?
A. Amazon EC2
B. Google Docs
C. Gmail
D. Google Forms
Show Answer
Answer: A. Amazon EC2
Explanation: Amazon EC2 is an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) platform that provides virtual computing resources.
Q33. Which cloud service model is most suitable for users who only want to use software without managing hardware or operating systems?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: A. SaaS
Explanation: SaaS allows users to access software applications directly through the Internet without installing or maintaining them.
Q34. Which cloud service model is mainly intended for software developers?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. Blockchain
Show Answer
Answer: B. PaaS
Explanation: PaaS provides a ready-to-use development environment where programmers can build, test, and deploy applications.
Q35. What is Grid Computing?
A. Connecting multiple computers to work together on a common task
B. Connecting only mobile phones
C. Creating websites using HTML
D. Compressing computer files
Show Answer
Answer: A. Connecting multiple computers to work together on a common task
Explanation: Grid Computing combines the computing power of multiple computers to solve complex problems efficiently.
Q36. The main objective of Grid Computing is to:
A. Increase monitor resolution
B. Share computing resources among multiple computers
C. Improve keyboard performance
D. Reduce internet usage
Show Answer
Answer: B. Share computing resources among multiple computers
Explanation: Grid Computing allows multiple computers to share processing power and resources to complete large computational tasks.
Q37. Blockchain technology mainly provides:
A. Centralized storage
B. Distributed and secure digital records
C. Faster keyboard typing
D. Better internet connectivity
Show Answer
Answer: B. Distributed and secure digital records
Explanation: Blockchain stores data in linked blocks across multiple computers, making it secure, transparent, and difficult to alter.
Q38. Which of the following is a key feature of Blockchain?
A. Centralized control
B. Data can be easily modified
C. Transparency and security
D. Single-user access
Show Answer
Answer: C. Transparency and security
Explanation: Blockchain ensures transparency, decentralization, and security by storing identical copies of data across multiple nodes.
Q39. Which emerging technology is widely used for cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin?
A. Cloud Computing
B. Machine Learning
C. Blockchain
D. Robotics
Show Answer
Answer: C. Blockchain
Explanation: Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin use Blockchain technology to maintain secure and decentralized transaction records.
Q40. Which of the following statements about Blockchain is correct?
A. It stores data only on one computer.
B. It uses a centralized database.
C. It maintains a distributed ledger shared across multiple computers.
D. It can only store images.
Show Answer
Answer: C. It maintains a distributed ledger shared across multiple computers.
Explanation: A Blockchain is a distributed ledger where identical copies of data are maintained across multiple computers, increasing security and reliability.
Q41. Which of the following is an application of Artificial Intelligence?
A. Face Recognition
B. Self-driving Cars
C. Recommendation Systems
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Artificial Intelligence is used in face recognition, autonomous vehicles, recommendation systems, healthcare, finance, and many other real-world applications.
Q42. Which emerging technology enables computers to understand and respond to human speech?
A. Robotics
B. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
C. Blockchain
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: B. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Explanation: NLP helps computers understand, interpret, and generate human language used in voice assistants and chatbots.
Q43. Which technology is commonly used in virtual gaming and flight simulators?
A. Blockchain
B. Internet of Things
C. Virtual Reality (VR)
D. Cloud Computing
Show Answer
Answer: C. Virtual Reality (VR)
Explanation: Virtual Reality creates an immersive digital environment, making it ideal for games, training simulators, and virtual tours.
Q44. A shopping app allows customers to see how furniture will look inside their room using a mobile phone camera. Which technology is being used?
A. Artificial Intelligence
B. Augmented Reality (AR)
C. Blockchain
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: B. Augmented Reality (AR)
Explanation: AR overlays virtual objects onto the real-world environment viewed through a smartphone or AR glasses.
Q45. Which emerging technology helps doctors perform robotic-assisted surgeries with greater precision?
A. Robotics
B. Blockchain
C. Grid Computing
D. Big Data
Show Answer
Answer: A. Robotics
Explanation: Medical robots assist surgeons by providing high precision, stability, and minimally invasive surgical procedures.
Q46. Which of the following best describes a sensor?
A. A device that stores data permanently
B. A device that detects physical changes and converts them into signals
C. A software application for data analysis
D. A networking protocol
Show Answer
Answer: B. A device that detects physical changes and converts them into signals
Explanation: Sensors measure physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, light, humidity, or motion and convert them into electronic signals.
Q47. Which sensor is commonly used to detect temperature?
A. Temperature Sensor
B. Motion Sensor
C. Pressure Sensor
D. Proximity Sensor
Show Answer
Answer: A. Temperature Sensor
Explanation: Temperature sensors measure heat and are widely used in weather stations, refrigerators, smart homes, and industrial systems.
Q48. Which technology allows files to be accessed from anywhere using the Internet?
A. Cloud Computing
B. Robotics
C. Blockchain
D. Virtual Reality
Show Answer
Answer: A. Cloud Computing
Explanation: Cloud Computing stores files and applications on remote servers, allowing users to access them from any location with an Internet connection.
Q49. Which of the following is an advantage of Blockchain technology?
A. Improved transparency
B. Enhanced security
C. Reduced chances of data tampering
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Blockchain offers transparency, decentralization, strong security, and makes unauthorized modification of records extremely difficult.
Q50. Which of the following is an example of an emerging technology used in smart agriculture?
A. IoT-based soil moisture sensors
B. Smart irrigation systems
C. AI-based crop monitoring
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Modern agriculture uses IoT sensors, AI, drones, and smart irrigation systems to improve crop yield, reduce water consumption, and increase farming efficiency.
Q51. Which emerging technology helps banks detect fraudulent transactions by analyzing large amounts of data?
A. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
B. Robotics
C. Virtual Reality (VR)
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: A. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Explanation: AI analyzes transaction patterns and identifies unusual activities that may indicate fraud, helping banks improve security.
Q52. Which emerging technology is most suitable for creating virtual classrooms where students can experience a 3D environment?
A. Blockchain
B. Virtual Reality (VR)
C. Sensors
D. Big Data
Show Answer
Answer: B. Virtual Reality (VR)
Explanation: VR creates an immersive virtual environment that enhances learning through realistic simulations and interactive experiences.
Q53. Which technology allows users to place virtual objects in the real world using a smartphone camera?
A. Augmented Reality (AR)
B. Grid Computing
C. Cloud Computing
D. Big Data
Show Answer
Answer: A. Augmented Reality (AR)
Explanation: AR combines digital content with the real environment, allowing users to interact with virtual objects through devices such as smartphones.
Q54. Which of the following is an application of Big Data?
A. Weather Forecasting
B. Social Media Analytics
C. Online Shopping Recommendations
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Big Data is widely used to analyze massive datasets for weather prediction, customer recommendations, healthcare, finance, and business intelligence.
Q55. Which emerging technology enables wearable fitness bands to monitor heart rate and physical activity?
A. Internet of Things (IoT)
B. Blockchain
C. Grid Computing
D. Virtual Reality
Show Answer
Answer: A. Internet of Things (IoT)
Explanation: Wearable fitness devices use IoT technology to collect health data through sensors and transmit it to connected applications.
Q56. Which of the following is not an advantage of Cloud Computing?
A. Access from anywhere
B. Automatic backup
C. Unlimited offline access without synchronization
D. Scalability
Show Answer
Answer: C. Unlimited offline access without synchronization
Explanation: Cloud Computing primarily depends on Internet connectivity. Offline access is limited and generally requires prior synchronization.
Q57. Which cloud service model allows users to use software directly through a web browser?
A. IaaS
B. SaaS
C. PaaS
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: B. SaaS
Explanation: Software as a Service (SaaS) provides ready-to-use software applications that are accessed through the Internet.
Q58. Which of the following is a real-life example of Blockchain technology?
A. Bitcoin Transactions
B. Cryptocurrency Wallets
C. Digital Asset Management
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Blockchain is widely used for cryptocurrencies, digital assets, secure transactions, and decentralized applications.
Q59. Which technology enables multiple computers to share processing power for solving complex scientific problems?
A. Grid Computing
B. Cloud Computing
C. Robotics
D. Artificial Intelligence
Show Answer
Answer: A. Grid Computing
Explanation: Grid Computing combines the computational power of multiple computers to solve large-scale problems efficiently.
Q60. Which emerging technology is primarily used for secure, transparent, and tamper-resistant record keeping?
A. Blockchain
B. Virtual Reality
C. Robotics
D. Natural Language Processing
Show Answer
Answer: A. Blockchain
Explanation: Blockchain maintains records in a distributed ledger, making them secure, transparent, and extremely difficult to alter without network consensus.
Q61. A voice assistant such as Google Assistant or Siri understands spoken commands using which technology?
A. Blockchain
B. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
C. Grid Computing
D. Robotics
Show Answer
Answer: B. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Explanation: NLP enables computers to understand, interpret, and respond to human language in both text and speech.
Q62. A self-driving car uses Artificial Intelligence mainly to:
A. Increase internet speed
B. Analyze surroundings and make driving decisions
C. Store files online
D. Create databases
Show Answer
Answer: B. Analyze surroundings and make driving decisions
Explanation: AI helps autonomous vehicles recognize roads, traffic signs, pedestrians, and obstacles to make safe driving decisions.
Q63. Which technology allows hospitals to monitor patients remotely using connected medical devices?
A. Internet of Things (IoT)
B. Blockchain
C. Virtual Reality
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: A. Internet of Things (IoT)
Explanation: IoT-enabled medical devices continuously collect and transmit patients' health data to doctors for remote monitoring.
Q64. Which of the following is an example of Artificial Intelligence in education?
A. AI-based Personalized Learning Systems
B. Smart Tutors
C. Automatic Evaluation Systems
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: AI improves education through personalized learning, intelligent tutoring systems, and automated assessment.
Q65. Which technology allows businesses to store large amounts of data without purchasing expensive local servers?
A. Cloud Computing
B. Robotics
C. Blockchain
D. Sensors
Show Answer
Answer: A. Cloud Computing
Explanation: Cloud Computing provides scalable storage and computing resources over the Internet, reducing infrastructure costs.
Q66. Which characteristic of Big Data refers to the reliability and accuracy of data?
A. Volume
B. Velocity
C. Variety
D. Veracity
Show Answer
Answer: D. Veracity
Explanation: Veracity represents the quality, trustworthiness, and accuracy of Big Data.
Q67. Which characteristic of Big Data refers to extracting useful information and business benefits from data?
A. Value
B. Variety
C. Velocity
D. Volume
Show Answer
Answer: A. Value
Explanation: Value refers to meaningful insights obtained from Big Data that help organizations make informed decisions.
Q68. Which of the following is not an application of Artificial Intelligence?
A. Medical Diagnosis
B. Recommendation Systems
C. Handwritten Language Translation
D. Manual Typewriter
Show Answer
Answer: D. Manual Typewriter
Explanation: A manual typewriter does not use Artificial Intelligence, whereas the other options are common AI applications.
Q69. Which emerging technology is mainly used to create secure digital transaction records without a central authority?
A. Blockchain
B. Cloud Computing
C. Robotics
D. Big Data
Show Answer
Answer: A. Blockchain
Explanation: Blockchain maintains a decentralized ledger in which transactions are securely recorded across multiple computers.
Q70. Which of the following technologies work together in a Smart Home?
A. IoT Devices
B. Sensors
C. Cloud Computing
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Smart homes combine IoT devices, sensors, cloud computing, and often AI to automate lighting, security, temperature control, and household appliances.
Q71. Assertion (A): Machine Learning is a branch of Artificial Intelligence.
Reason (R): Machine Learning enables computers to learn from data without being explicitly programmed.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer
Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Machine Learning is a subset of AI that allows systems to improve their performance by learning from data rather than following only predefined instructions.
Q72. Assertion (A): IoT devices generally use sensors to collect information.
Reason (R): Sensors detect changes in the physical environment and send data for processing.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer
Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Sensors are essential components of IoT systems because they collect environmental data such as temperature, motion, humidity, or pressure.
Q73. Assertion (A): Cloud Computing allows users to access files from anywhere with an Internet connection.
Reason (R): Data is stored on remote servers instead of only on local computers.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer
Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Cloud services store data on remote servers, allowing users to access their files from different devices through the Internet.
Q74. Assertion (A): Blockchain stores records in linked blocks.
Reason (R): Each block is connected to the previous block using cryptographic techniques.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer
Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, making Blockchain highly secure and resistant to tampering.
Q75. A hospital wants to continuously monitor patients' heart rate and oxygen levels from their homes. Which technology is most suitable?
A. Internet of Things (IoT)
B. Blockchain
C. Virtual Reality
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: A. Internet of Things (IoT)
Explanation: IoT-enabled wearable devices use sensors to collect health data and transmit it to healthcare providers in real time.
Q76. A student wants to develop a web application without managing servers or operating systems. Which cloud service model is most appropriate?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. Blockchain
Show Answer
Answer: B. PaaS
Explanation: Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides developers with the tools and environment needed to build and deploy applications without managing infrastructure.
Q77. A company wants employees to use an office application through a web browser without installing any software. Which cloud service model should it choose?
A. IaaS
B. SaaS
C. PaaS
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: B. SaaS
Explanation: SaaS provides ready-to-use software applications over the Internet that users can access through a web browser.
Q78. Which of the following is the best example of Augmented Reality (AR)?
A. Playing a game using a VR headset in a virtual world
B. Viewing virtual furniture in your room using a mobile phone camera
C. Using an online spreadsheet application
D. Sending emails through the Internet
Show Answer
Answer: B. Viewing virtual furniture in your room using a mobile phone camera.
Explanation: AR enhances the real-world environment by overlaying digital objects onto it through devices such as smartphones or AR glasses.
Q79. Which technology is most appropriate for analyzing millions of online shopping transactions to identify customer buying patterns?
A. Big Data Analytics
B. Robotics
C. Virtual Reality
D. Sensors
Show Answer
Answer: A. Big Data Analytics
Explanation: Big Data Analytics processes massive datasets to discover trends, customer preferences, and useful business insights.
Q80. Which combination of technologies is commonly used in autonomous (self-driving) cars?
A. Artificial Intelligence, Sensors, and Machine Learning
B. Blockchain and Grid Computing only
C. SaaS and PaaS only
D. Virtual Reality and Cloud Storage only
Show Answer
Answer: A. Artificial Intelligence, Sensors, and Machine Learning
Explanation: Self-driving vehicles use AI for decision-making, Machine Learning for continuous improvement, and sensors such as cameras, LiDAR, radar, and GPS to understand their surroundings.
Q81. Assertion (A): Artificial Intelligence enables machines to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.
Reason (R): AI systems can learn, reason, and make decisions based on available data.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer
Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: AI enables machines to simulate human intelligence by learning from data, reasoning, and making decisions.
Q82. Assertion (A): Virtual Reality completely replaces the user's real-world surroundings.
Reason (R): VR creates a computer-generated immersive environment using devices such as VR headsets.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer
Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Unlike AR, Virtual Reality completely immerses the user in a simulated digital environment.
Q83. Assertion (A): Cloud Computing eliminates the need for Internet connectivity.
Reason (R): Cloud services are accessed through remote servers over the Internet.
A. Both A and R are true.
B. Both A and R are false.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer
Answer: D. A is false, but R is true.
Explanation: Cloud Computing generally requires an Internet connection because data and applications are hosted on remote servers.
Q84. Assertion (A): Blockchain records are difficult to alter once they are added.
Reason (R): Each block is linked with the previous block using cryptographic hashes.
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer
Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Cryptographic linking between blocks makes Blockchain highly secure and resistant to unauthorized modifications.
Q85. A school wants to automatically switch classroom lights ON when someone enters the room. Which technology combination is the most suitable?
A. Sensors + IoT
B. Blockchain + VR
C. Grid Computing + NLP
D. PaaS + SaaS
Show Answer
Answer: A. Sensors + IoT
Explanation: Motion sensors detect human presence, while IoT devices communicate and automate the lighting system.
Q86. An e-commerce company recommends products based on a customer's previous purchases. Which technology is mainly responsible for this feature?
A. Machine Learning
B. Blockchain
C. Grid Computing
D. Virtual Reality
Show Answer
Answer: A. Machine Learning
Explanation: Machine Learning analyzes customer behavior and purchase history to provide personalized product recommendations.
Q87. A weather monitoring system collects temperature, humidity, and rainfall data every minute from thousands of sensors. Which technology is primarily used to analyze such huge volumes of data?
A. Big Data Analytics
B. Robotics
C. Virtual Reality
D. Augmented Reality
Show Answer
Answer: A. Big Data Analytics
Explanation: Big Data Analytics processes massive amounts of structured and unstructured data to identify patterns and support forecasting.
Q88. Which emerging technology is most suitable for securely maintaining land ownership records that cannot be easily tampered with?
A. Blockchain
B. Virtual Reality
C. Robotics
D. Cloud Gaming
Show Answer
Answer: A. Blockchain
Explanation: Blockchain provides a secure, transparent, and immutable ledger, making it ideal for maintaining important public records.
Q89. Which of the following correctly matches the technology with its application?
A. NLP — Language Translation
B. IoT — Smart Home Automation
C. VR — Flight Simulation
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: NLP powers language translation, IoT enables smart homes, and VR is widely used in training simulators such as flight simulation.
Q90. Which emerging technology is primarily responsible for enabling smart speakers to answer spoken questions?
A. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
B. Blockchain
C. Grid Computing
D. Cloud Storage
Show Answer
Answer: A. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Explanation: Smart speakers combine AI and NLP to understand spoken language, process user requests, and generate meaningful responses.
Q91. Which of the following technologies helps computers recognize and understand images?
A. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
B. Computer Vision
C. Blockchain
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: B. Computer Vision
Explanation: Computer Vision is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that enables computers to interpret and analyze images and videos.
Q92. Which emerging technology is most suitable for securely storing patients' medical records so that they cannot be altered without authorization?
A. Virtual Reality
B. Blockchain
C. Robotics
D. Augmented Reality
Show Answer
Answer: B. Blockchain
Explanation: Blockchain provides a secure and tamper-resistant ledger, making it suitable for maintaining sensitive records such as healthcare data.
Q93. Which cloud service model provides users with ready-to-use applications over the Internet?
A. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
B. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
C. Software as a Service (SaaS)
D. Grid Computing
Show Answer
Answer: C. Software as a Service (SaaS)
Explanation: SaaS allows users to access software applications directly through a web browser without installing or maintaining them.
Q94. Which technology is commonly used to connect smart appliances such as refrigerators, air conditioners, and washing machines to the Internet?
A. Internet of Things (IoT)
B. Blockchain
C. Virtual Reality
D. Big Data
Show Answer
Answer: A. Internet of Things (IoT)
Explanation: IoT enables physical devices to communicate over the Internet, making smart homes and smart appliances possible.
Q95. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. AI is a subset of Machine Learning.
B. Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence.
C. Blockchain is a subset of Cloud Computing.
D. IoT is a subset of Robotics.
Show Answer
Answer: B. Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence.
Explanation: Artificial Intelligence is the broader field, while Machine Learning is one of its important branches that enables systems to learn from data.
Q96. Which of the following is not an emerging technology covered in this chapter?
A. Artificial Intelligence
B. Internet of Things
C. Blockchain
D. MS Paint
Show Answer
Answer: D. MS Paint
Explanation: MS Paint is a graphics editing application and is not considered an emerging technology.
Q97. Which technology is most suitable for sharing computing resources among geographically distributed computers?
A. Grid Computing
B. Robotics
C. Virtual Reality
D. Augmented Reality
Show Answer
Answer: A. Grid Computing
Explanation: Grid Computing combines the processing power of multiple geographically distributed computers to solve complex computational problems.
Q98. Which emerging technology is primarily responsible for personalized movie and music recommendations on streaming platforms?
A. Machine Learning
B. Blockchain
C. Virtual Reality
D. Sensors
Show Answer
Answer: A. Machine Learning
Explanation: Machine Learning analyzes user preferences and viewing history to recommend content that matches individual interests.
Q99. Which of the following technologies are commonly used together in Smart Cities?
A. IoT
B. Artificial Intelligence
C. Cloud Computing
D. All of these
Show Answer
Answer: D. All of these
Explanation: Smart Cities integrate IoT devices, AI, cloud computing, sensors, and Big Data analytics to improve public services and resource management.
Q100. Which statement best describes Emerging Technologies?
A. Technologies that are becoming obsolete
B. Newly developed or rapidly evolving technologies with the potential to transform society and industries
C. Technologies used only for entertainment
D. Technologies that work only without the Internet
Show Answer
Answer: B. Newly developed or rapidly evolving technologies with the potential to transform society and industries
Explanation: Emerging technologies such as AI, ML, IoT, Cloud Computing, Blockchain, Robotics, and Big Data are driving innovation across healthcare, education, finance, transportation, manufacturing, and many other sectors.
❓ Quick Revision
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) enables machines to perform tasks requiring human intelligence.
- Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of AI that learns from data.
- Natural Language Processing (NLP) helps computers understand human language.
- Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digital objects on the real world, while Virtual Reality (VR) creates a completely virtual environment.
- Robotics involves designing and programming intelligent robots.
- Big Data is characterized by the 5 Vs: Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, and Value.
- Internet of Things (IoT) connects physical devices through the Internet using sensors.
- Cloud Computing provides computing resources over the Internet through SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS.
- Grid Computing combines the processing power of multiple computers to solve complex problems.
- Blockchain is a decentralized, secure, and tamper-resistant distributed ledger.
? Exam Tip
CBSE frequently asks application-based, assertion-reason, and competency-based questions from this unit. Focus on the differences between AI, ML, NLP, AR, VR, IoT, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Grid Computing, and Blockchain. Also remember the cloud service models (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS), the 5 Vs of Big Data, and real-life applications of each technology, as these are among the most commonly tested concepts in examinations.